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How Illinois is trying to combat the rising number of syphilis cases

According to the Illinois Department of Public Health, cases of syphilis in newborns in Illinois are increasing rapidly. To slow the spread, IDPH is urging providers to use a new department data collection process to collect clinical information that can alert health officials to positive cases.

The online reporting form is intended for health care providers in the state outside of Chicago to report cases of syphilis in pregnant women and newborns. Syphilis is an infection caused by bacteria that are transmitted through sexual contact. This form replaces the outdated, slower mandatory reporting process.

The clinical information contained in the document can be used by local health departments across the state to assist physicians in providing appropriate care, follow-up, and partner testing and treatment.

The accelerated reporting method will support the state's efforts to reverse the rise in congenital syphilis cases by flagging new cases earlier and helping women who test positive for an STI receive treatment during pregnancy and prevent the long-term consequences of untreated syphilis.

“Every child born in Illinois can and should be protected from congenital syphilis,” IDPH Director Dr. Sameer Vohra said in a press release. “IDPH is committed to working closely with health care providers to reverse the alarming rise in cases we have seen in recent years.”

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Last fall, IDPH launched the Prenatal Syphilis Warmline, available Monday through Friday at 1-800-439-4079. Calls to this hotline provide health care professionals with expert advice on congenital syphilis, a type of sexually transmitted infection in which people pass syphilis to their baby during pregnancy.

Congenital syphilis can cause serious health problems for parents and end the life of the child through miscarriage and stillbirth, as up to 40% of babies with congenital syphilis can be stillborn due to the infection.

Since 2020, cases of congenital syphilis in Illinois have more than tripled, from 29 in 2020 to over 100 cases in 2023. A baby with a syphilis infection may not have any signs or symptoms of the infection at birth, but if the baby is not treated, he or she may experience serious complications, such as seizures or developmental delays.

According to IDPH, reducing syphilis cases in pregnant women is an additional challenge due to the current shortage of Bicillin, the only drug available on the market to treat syphilis during pregnancy.

The ministry said healthcare providers should also prioritize using Bicillin to treat pregnant women and infants to ensure proper measures are taken.

Claire Grant writes about business, growth and development and other news topics for The State Journal-Register. Reach her at [email protected]; and on X (formerly known as Twitter): @Claire_Granted

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